Constructive criticism from the sayings and directives of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, an objective hadith study.

Hassan, Fatima Gamal Riyad

Constructive criticism from the sayings and directives of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, an objective hadith study.

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Fatima Gamal Riyad Hassan

Lecturer in the Department of Hadith and its Sciences - Faculty of Islamic and Arabic Studies in Damanhour - Al-Azhar University

Abstract

This research entitled "Constructive criticism from the sayings and directives of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, an objective hadith study" deals with defining constructive criticism, explaining its legitimacy, importance, ruling, and controls. It has collected hadiths that explain to us how the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, constructively criticized the Companions in general, and how he criticized the rulers in particular, his wives, and children, and criticized himself in order to draw the correct approach in the life of a Muslim. Criticism is like a tool that guides society, to address and correct mistakes, and to advance individuals and society, and raise efficiency, and development. It is a path to the renaissance and progress of nations. I have collected the hadiths that indicate this and attributed the hadiths to the imams who transmitted them in the hadith sources with a ruling on them, and I was satisfied with attributing them to the two Sahihs if the hadith was transmitted in them or in one of them, and if the hadith was not in the two Sahihs and the imams of hadith ruled on it, I relied on its ruling, and if no imam ruled on it, I studied the chain of transmission outside the research

Keywords

Main Subjects

الحديث وعلومه

References

awlan: alquran alkarim

thanyan: katab mutuwn alhadith walshuruh

*al'abatil walmanakir walsihah walmashahir lilhusayn bin 'iibrahim bin alhusayn bin jaefar, 'abu eabd allah alhamadhani aljawrqanii (t 543hi), tahqiq wataeliqi: alduktur eabd alrahman bin eabd aljabaar alfirywayy, alnaashir: dar alsamieii lilnashr waltawzie, alriyad - almamlakat alearabiat alsaeudiati, muasasat dar aldaewat altaelimiat alkhayriati, alhinda, altabeati: alraabieati, 1422 hi - 2002 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 2

*altamhid lima fi almuataa min almaeani wal'asanid fi hadith rasul alllah -salaa alllah ealayh wasalama- almualafu: 'abu eumar bn eabd albiri alnamrii alqurtibii (368 - 463 hu), haqaqah waealaq ealayhi: bashaar eawad maeruf, wakhrun, alnaashir: muasasat alfurqan lilturath al'iislamii - landan, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1439 hi - 2017 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 17

*alzuhd li'abi eabd allah 'ahmad bin hanbal bin hilal bin 'asad alshaybani (t 241ha), wade hawashihi: muhamad eabd alsalam shahin, alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiati, bayrut - lubnan, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1420 hi - 1999 mu, eadad al'ajza'i:1

*almafatih fi sharh almasabih lilhusayn bin mahmud bin alhasan, mazhar aldiyn alzzaydany alkufii alddaryr alshshirazy alhanafy almshhwr balmuzhiry (t 727 hu), tahqiq wadirasatu: lajnat mukhtasat min almuhaqiqin bi'iishrafi: nur aldiyn talb, alnaashir: dar alnawadir, wahu min 'iisdarat 'iidarat althaqafat al'iislamiat - wizarat al'awqaf alkuaytiati,altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1433 hi - 2012 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 6

*almifham lamaa 'ushakil min talkhis kitab muslim li'abi aleabaas 'ahmad bin eumar bn 'iibrahim alqurtibii (578 - 656 hi), haqaqah waealaq ealayh waqadim lah: muhyi aldiyn dib mistu - 'ahmad muhamad alsayid - yusif eali badiwi - mahmud 'iibrahim bizal, alnaashir: (dar aibn kathir, dimashq - bayrut), (dar alkalm altayibi, dimashq - bayrut), altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1417 hi - 1996 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 7

*almawdueat lijamal aldiyn eabd alrahman bin eali bin muhamad aljawzii (t 597hi) dabt wataqdim watahqiqu: eabd alrahman muhamad euthman, alnaashir: muhamad eabd almuhsin sahib almaktabat alsalafiat bialmadinat almunawarati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, ji 1, 2:1386 hi - 1966 mi, ju 3: 1388 hi - 1968 m

*tahifat al'ahwadhi bisharh jamie altirmidhi, li'abi aleula muhamad eabd alrahman bin eabd alrahim almubarikifuraa (t 1353 ha),alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut, eadad al'ajza'i: 10

*twfiq alrabi almuneam bisharh sahih al'iimam muslmi, almualafi: alshaykh eabd aleaziz bin eabd allah alraajihi, alnaashir: markaz eabd aleaziz bin eabd allah alraajihi, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1439 hi - 2018 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 9

*jamie altirmidhii li'abi eisaa muhamad bin eisaa altirmidhii (t 279 ha), haqaqah wakharaj 'ahadithah waealaq ealayhi: bashaar eawad maeruf, alnaashir: dar algharb al'iislamii - bayrut

*haliat al'awlia' watabaqat al'asfia' li'abi naeim 'ahmad bin eabd allah al'asbahanii (t 430 ha)alnaashir: matbaeat alsaeadat - bijiwar muhafazat masri, eam alnashri: 1394h - 1974 m eadad al'ajza'i: 10

*snan abn majah li'abi eabd allah muhamad bn yazayd bn majat alqazwinii (209 - 273 ha), almuhaqiqi: shueayb al'arnawuwt [t 1438 ha]- eadil murshid – mhmmad kamil qurah bilili , eabd allltyf haraz allah, alnaashir: dar alrisalat alealamiati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1430 hi - 2009 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 5

*snan 'abi dawud li'abi dawud sulayman bin al'asheath al'azdi alsajistanii (202 - 275 ha),almuhaqaqu: shueayb al'arnawuwt [t 1438 ha]- muhamad kamil qarah bilali, alnaashir: dar alrisalat alealamiati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1430 hi - 2009 mu, eadad al'ajza'i:7 ,altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1996 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 6

*snan alnasayiyu 'abu eabd alrahman 'ahmad bin shueayb alnasayiyu (t 303 ha),almuhaqaqi: muhamad ridwan earqasusi (ja 1,2, 5, 6), muhamad 'anas mustafaa alkhann (j 3, 4, 7, 8),sharik fi altahqiqi: muhamad muetaz karim aldiyn (ja 2: 8), eamaar rihawi (j 2: 8), kamil alkharat (ja 3: 8),alnaashir: dar alrisalat alealamiati,altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1439 hi - 2018 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 9

*shrh almushkat lilttybi alkashif ean haqayiq alsinan, lisharaf aldiyn alhusayn bin eabd allah altaybi (743 hu), almuhaqiqi: da. eabd alhamid hindawi, alnaashir: maktabat nizar mustafaa albaz (makat almukaramat - alrayadu), eadad al'ajza'i: 13 ,altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1417 hi - 1997 m

*shrah alnawawiu ealaa muslim alminhaj sharh sahih muslim bin alhajaji, li'abi zakaria muhyi aldiyn yahyaa bin sharaf alnawawiu (t 676h), alnaashir: dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut, altabeata: althaaniatu, 1392,eadad al'ajza'i: 18 (fi 9 mujaladati)

*shaeb al'iiman li'abi bakr 'ahmad bin alhusayn albayhaqii (384 - 458 ha), almuhaqiqi: 'abu hajir muhamad alsaeid bin basyuni zighlul, alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiati, bayrut- lubnan, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1421 hi - 2000 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 9

*shih albukharii 'abu eabd allah muhamad bin 'iismaeil albukharii aljaeafi, almuhaqaqa: du. mustafaa dib albagha,alnaashar: (dar abn kathirin, dar alyamamati) - dimashqa, altabeatu: alkhamisati, 1414 hi - 1993 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 7 (al'akhir faharis).

*shih muslim li'abi alhusayn muslim bin alhajaaj alqushayrii alnaysaburi (206 - 261 ha), almuhaqaqa: muhamad fuad eabd albaqi [t 1388 hu], alnaashir: matbaeat eisaa albabi alhalabi washarakah, alqahirati,(thum suratuh dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii bibayrut, waghayriha) eam alnashri: 1374 hi - 1955 m eadad al'ajza'i:(5)

*eumdat alqariy sharh sahih albukharii libadr aldiyn 'abu muhamad mahmud bin 'ahmad aleaynaa (t 855 ha),enit binashrih watashihih waltaeliq ealayhi: sharikat min aleulama' bimusaeadat 'iidarat altibaeat almuniriati, lisahibiha wamudiriha muhamad munir eabdih 'agha aldimashqi, eadad al'ajza'i: 25 (fi 12 mujalada)

*fatah albari bisharh sahih albukharii li'ahmad bin ealiin bin hajar aleasqalanii (773 - 852 ha), raqm kutubih wa'abwabih wa'ahadithihi: muhamad fuad eabd albaqi [t 1388 hu], qam bi'iikhrajih watashih tajaribihi: muhibu aldiyn alkhatib [t 1389h], alnaashir: almaktabat alsalafiat - misr, eadad al'ajza'i: 13

*fatah almuneim sharh sahih muslim lil'ustadh alduktur musaa shahin lashin, alnaashir: dar alshuruqi, altabeata: al'uwlaa (ldar alshuruqi), 1423 hi - 2002 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 10

*kashaf almushkil min hadith alsahihayn lijamal aldiyn 'abu alfaraj eabd alrahman bin eali bin muhamad aljawzi (t 597h), almuhaqiq: eali husayn albawabi, alnaashir: dar alwatan - alrayad, eadad al'ajza'i: 4

*marqaat almafatih sharh mashkaat almasabih lieali bin (sultan) muhamad, 'abu alhasan nur aldiyn almula alharawiu alqariyu (t 1014ha), alnaashir: dar alfikri, 1422h - 2002m, eadad al'ajza'i: 9

*musnad al'iimam 'ahmad bin hanbal (t 241) almuhaqiqi: 'ahmad muhamad shakiri, alnaashir: dar alhadith - alqahirati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1416 hi - 1995 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 20 (akhr 2 fahars)

*matalie al'anwar ealaa sihah aluathar li'iibrahim bin yusif bin 'adham alwahraniu alhamzi, 'abu 'iishaq abn qarqul (t 569hi), tahqiqu: dar alfalah lilbahth aleilmii watahqiq altarathi, alnaashir: wizarat al'awqaf walshuwuwn al'iislamiat - dawlat qatr, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1433 hi - 2012 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 6

*maealim alsunan (whu sharh sunan al'iimam 'abi dawud), li'abi sulayman, hamd bin muhamad alkhattaby (t 388 ha), altabeatu: al'uwlaa 1351 hi - 1932 mu, tbaeh wasahhaha: muhamad raghib altabaakhi, fi almatbaeat aleilmiat bihalab

*nil al'awtar min 'asrar muntaqaa al'akhbari, almualafi: muhamad bin eali alshuwkani, haqaqahu, wakharaj 'ahadithah watharah waealaq ealayhi: muhamad subhi bin hasan halaqi, alnaashir: dar aibn aljawzi lilnashr waltawzie, alsaeudiati, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1427hi, eadad al'ajza'i: 15 thalthan: kutub eulum alhadith waljurh waltaedil

*'asad alghabat lieizi aldiyn 'abu alhasan eali bin muhamad aljazarii almaeruf biaibn al'uthir (t 630 hu), alnaashir: jameiat almaearif almisriati, tabe fi: almatbaeat alwahbiat bialqahirati, 1285 - 1286 hu

*aliastieab fi maerifat al'ashabi, li'abi eumra, yusif bin eabd allh bin muhamad bin eabd albiri [t 463 ha],almuhaqaq: eali muhamad albijawi [t 1399 ha],alnaashir: maktabat nahdat misr bialqahirati, 1380 hi - 1960 ma, wsawwratha: dar aljili, bayrut - lubnan, eadad al'ajza'i: 4

*al'iisabat fi tamyiz alsahabat li'abi alfadl 'ahmad bin eali bin hajar aleasqalanii (t 852hi), tahqiqu: eadil 'ahmad eabd almawjud waealaa muhamad mueawad, alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut, altabeata: al'uwlaa - 1415 ha, eadad al'ajza'i: 8

*alkifayat fi eilm alriwayat li'abi bakr 'ahmad bin eali bin thabit bin 'ahmad bin mahdi alkhatib albaghdadi (t 463 ha),shahahu: 'abu eabdallah alsuwrqi, alnaashir: jameiat dayirat almaearif aleuthmaniat - haydar abad, aldukn altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1357 ha, (sawwrtha almaktabat aleilmiat - almadinat almunawarati, waghiruha)

*tahrir eulum alhadith lieabd allah bin yusif aljadiei, alnaashir: muasasat alrayaan liltibaeat walnashr waltawzie, bayrut - lubnan, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1424 hi - 2003 m , eadad al'ajza'i: 2

*tahadhib altahdhib li'abi alfadl 'ahmad bin ealii bin hajar shihab aldiyn aleasqalanii alshaafieii (733 hi - 852 hu), biaietina'i: 'iibrahim alziybiqi, eadil murshida, alnaashir: muasasat alrisalat - bayruta, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1435 hi - 2014 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 4

*tahdhib alkamal fi 'asma' alrijal lijamal aldiyn 'abu alhajaaj yusuf almizi (654 - 742 ha),hqiqah wadabt nasih waealaq ealayhi: d bashaar eawad maeruf, alnaashir: muasasat alrisalat - bayrut, altabeata: al'uwlaa, (1400 - 1413 ha) (1980 - 1992 mu),eadad al'ajza'i: 35

*miyzan alaietidal lishams aldiyn 'abu eabd allah muhamad bin 'ahmad bin euthman bin qaymaz aldhahabi (t 748 ha),tahqiqi: eali muhamad albijawi [t 1399 hu], alnaashir: dar almaerifat liltibaeat walnushri, bayrut - lubnan altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1382 hi - 1963 mu, eadad al'ajza'i: 4

rabean: kutub allughat wagharib alhadith

thurut-alqahrat, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1410h-1990m

*alsihah taj allughat li'abi nasr 'iismaeil bin hamaad aljawharii alfarabii (t 393hi), tahqiqu: 'ahmad eabd alghafur eata, alnaashir: dar aleilm lilmalayin - bayrut, altabeatu: alraabieat 1407 ha‍ - 1987 mu,eadad al'ajza'i: 6

*almuejam alwasit nukhbat min allughawiiyn bimajmae allughat alearabiat bialqahirati, alnaashir: majmae allughat alearabiat bialqahirati, altabeatu: althaania [kutbat mqdmtuha 1392 hi = 1972 mi]

*alnihayat fi gharayb alhadith wal'athar limajd aldiyn 'abu alsaeadat almubarak bin muhamad bin muhamad bin muhamad aibn eabd alkarim alshaybani aljazari aibn al'uthir (t 606h),alnaashir: almaktabat aleilmiat - bayrut, 1399h - 1979m, tahqiqu: tahir 'ahmad alzaawaa - mahmud muhamad altanahi, eadad al'ajza'i: 5

*taj alearus mhmmd murtadaa alhusayni alzzabydy, tahqiqa: jamaeat min almukhtasiyn min 'iisdarati: wizarat al'iirshad wal'anba' fi alkuayt - almajlis alwataniu lilthaqafat walfunun waladab bidawlat alkuayti, eadad al'ajza'i: 40, 'aewam alnashr: (1385 - 1422 ha) = (1965 - 2001 mu)