Non-linguistic functions in drafts of Arabic novels: a study from the perspective of formative criticism

Document Type : Original Article

Author

PhD student, Department of Arabic Language (specializing in Literature and Criticism), College of Arts, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Formative criticism was concerned with drafts of literary works and manuscripts, to show the stages of text formation. This research studies drafts of a number of contemporary Arabic novels and analyzes them in the light of formative criticism (la critique génétique) to show the stages of formation of a fictional text, by studying novels in their state of generation, following the formative approach. , and semiotics. The research showed how novels were made and understood through the process that led to their formation in the light of formative criticism. This was done through studying the non-linguistic functions in the drafts and their connotations. Among the most prominent results that emerged from the research: it became clear that creativity does not... It comes all at once, but rather in batches that are refined until it reaches the final form that the novelist is satisfied with. Thus, we deny what It was common in the past to resort to supernatural powers that inspire creative people in literary production, and show us the importance and significance of non-linguistic signs in drafts. These signs facilitate the way for the novelist to return to writing whenever he wants.

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