The Jurisprudential Rulings Regarding the Noon Period A Jurisprudential Study

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor at the Department of Jurisprudence at the Faculty of Shari’ah Islamic University of Madinah

Abstract

Research Title: The Jurisprudential Rulings Regarding the Noon Period: A Jurisprudential Study.
Research Methodology: Inductive descriptive.
Research Division: The research includes an introduction, a preface, two topics and conclusion.
The introduction includes: the importance of the topic, the rationale for its selection, the literature review, the research plan, and the methodology.
The preface includes two topics, the first: the meaning of “Al-Dhaheerah” (Noon), the second: the significance of the noon period in Islam.
The two topics; the first: the jurisprudential rulings regarding the noon period in relation to prayer, and it includes ten sub-topics, the second: the jurisprudential rulings regarding the noon period regarding matters aside prayer, and it includes four sub-topics.
Conclusion, including: the most important findings of the research.
The Most Significant Findings of the Research: The time of noon begins with sun passing the zenith (zawaal) and ends with the shadow of everything turning to its size, and it is permissible to combine dhur (noon) of dhur after the dhur prayer, and the time of zawaal is a time of prohibition on all days, and it is recommended that the fasting person use chewing stick at all times, and seeing the crescent during the day is not considered, and the validity of the intention to fast the voluntary at any time in the day, and the time of throwing pebbles begins on days of tashreeq during hajj after the zawaal.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  • The Noble Qur’an
  • Ibn Abi Shaybah, Abdullah. "Al-Muṣannaf Fī Al-Aḥādīth Wa-Al-Āthār". Editor: Kamal Al-Hout, (1st edition, Riyadh: Al-Rushd Library, 1409 AH).
  • Ibn Al-Rifa’ah, Ahmed. "Kifāyat Al-Nabīh Fī Sharḥ Al-Tanbīh". Investigator: Magdy Basloum. (1st edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 2009 AD).
  • Ibn Al-Mundhir, Muhammad. "Al-Ijmāʻ", investigator: Fouad Abdel Moneim. (1st edition, Dar Al-Muslim for Publishing and Distribution, 1425 AH).
  • Ibn Battal, Ali. "Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī". Investigation: Yasser Ibrahim. (2nd edition, Riyadh: Al-Rushd Library, 1423 AH).
  • Ibn Taymiyyah, Ahmed. "Sharḥ Al-ʻumdah Min Awwal Kitāb Al-Ṣalāh Ilá Ākhir Bāb Ādāb Al-Mashy Ilá Al-Ṣalāh". Investigator: Saleh Al-Hassan. (1st edition, Riyadh: Al-Haramain Library, 1409 AH).
  • Ibn Taymiyyah, Ahmed. "Majmūʻ Al-Fatāwá". Investigator: Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad bin Qasim. (Madinah: King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Noble Qur’an, 1416 AH).
  • Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, Ahmed. "Al-Talkhīṣ Al-Ḥabīr Fī Takhrīj Aḥādīth Al-Rāfiʻī Al-Kabīr". (1st edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1419 AH).
  • Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, Ahmed. "Fatḥ Al-Bārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī". Hadith numbering: Muhammad Fuad Abd al-Baqi, authenticated by: Muhibb al-Din al-Khatib. (Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’rifa, 1379 AH).
  • Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami, Ahmed. "Tuḥfat Al-Muḥtāj Fī Sharḥ Al-Minhāj". (Egypt: The Great Commercial Library, 1357 AH).
  • Ibn Hanbal Al-Shaybani, Ahmed bin Muhammad. “Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal.” Investigator: Shuaib Al-Arnaout - Adel Murshid. (1st edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, 1421 AH).
  • Ibn Rushd Al-Hafid, Muhammad. "Bidāyat Al-Mujtahid Wa-Nihāyat Al-Muqtaṣid". (Cairo: Dar Al-Hadith, 1425 AH). Ibn Abdul-Barr Al-Qurtubi, Yusuf bin Abdullah. “Al-Istidhkaar", edited by: Salem Atta, Muhammad Moawad. (1st edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1421 AH).
  • Ibn Abdul-Barr Al-Qurtubi, Yusuf. "Al-Tamhīd Li-Mā Fī Al-Muwaṭṭaʼ Min Al-Maʻānī Wa-Al-Asānīd". edited by: Mustafa Al-Alawi, Muhammad Al-Bakri. (Morocco: Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs, 1387 AH).
  • Ibn Uthaymeen, Muhammad. "Al-Sharḥ Al-Mumtiʻ ʻalá Zād Al-Mustaqniʻ". (1st edition, Dammam: Dar Ibn al-Jawzi, 1428 AH).
  • Ibn Farhoun, Burhan al-Din Ibrahim. "Irshād Al-Sālik Ilá Afʻāl Al-Manāsik". Investigation: Muhammad Abu Al-Ajfan. (1st edition, Riyadh: Obeikan Library, 1423 AH).
  • Ibn Qudamah Al-Maqdisi, Abdullah. "Al-Mugni". (Cairo Library, 1388 AH).
  • Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah, Muhammad. "Zād Al-Maʻād Fī Hudá Khayr Al-ʻibād". (27th edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, Kuwait: Al-Manar Islamic Library, 1415 AH).
  • Ibn Majah, Muhammad. “Sunan Ibn Majah.” Investigator: Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi. (Dar Ihya Al-Kutub Al-‘Arabiyyah).
  • Ibn Manzur, Muhammad. "Lisān al-ʻArab". (3rd edition, Beirut: Dar Sader, 1414 AH).
  • Ibn Najim Al-Masry, Zain Al-Din. "Al-Baḥr Al-Rāʼiq Sharḥ Kanz Al-Daqāʼiq", in its footnote : Minḥat al-Khāliq by Ibn ʻĀbidīn. (2nd edition, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Islami).
  • Al-Daraqutni, Ali. “Sunan al-Daraqutni.” Investigator: Shuaib Al-Arnaout, Hassan Shalabi, Abdul Latif Harzallah, Ahmed Barhoum. (1st edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, 1424 AH).
  • Abu Al-Qasim Al-Tabarani, Suleiman bin Ahmed. "Al-Muʻjam Al-Kabīr". Investigator: Hamdi Al-Salafi. (2nd edition, Cairo: Ibn Taymiyyah Library).
  • Al-Tabari, Muhammad. "Jāmiʻ Al-Bayān Fī Taʼwīl Al-Qurʼān". Investigator: Ahmed Shaker. (1st edition, Al-Resala Foundation, 1420 AH).
  • Abu Dawood Al-Sijistani, Suleiman. “Sunan Abi Dawud.” Investigator: Muhammad Mohieddin. (Beirut: Al-Maktabah Al-‘Asriyyah).
  • Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad. “Sunan al-Tirmidhi.” Investigation: Ahmed Shaker, Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi, and Ibrahim Atwa. (2nd ed., Egypt: Mustafa Al-Babi Library, 1395 AH).
  • Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad. "Mukhtasar Al Shamael". Investigation: Al-Albani. (Amman: Al-Maktab Al-Islamy).
  • Al-Asbahi, Malik. "Al-Mudawwanah". (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1415 AH).
  • Al-Asbahi, Malik. "Al-Muwatta". Numbering: Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi. (Beirut: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi, 1406 AH).
  • Al-Albani, Muhammad. "Irwāʼ Al-Ghalīl Fī Takhrīj Aḥādīth Manār Al-Sabīl". Supervision: Zuhair Al-Shawish. (2nd ed., Beirut: Al-Maktab Al-Islami, 1405 AH).
  • Al-Albani, Muhammad. "Silsilat Al-Aḥādīth Al-Ḍaʻīfah Wa-Al-Mawḍūʻah Wa-Atharuhā Al-Sayyiʼ Fī Al-Ummah". (1st edition, Riyadh: Dar Al-Maaref, 1412 AH).
  • Al-Albani, Muhammad. "Ṣaḥīḥ Abī Dāwūd". (1st edition, Kuwait: Gharas Publishing and Distribution Foundation, 1423 AH).
  • Al-Albani, Muhammad. "Ḍaʻīf Abī Dāwūd". (1st edition, Kuwait: Gharas Publishing and Distribution Foundation, 1423 AH).
  • Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī, ʻAbdulmalik. "Nihāyat Al-Muṭṭalib Fī Dirāyat Al-Madhhab". Verified by: Abdel Azim Al-Deeb. (1st edition, Dar Al-Minhaj, 1428 AH).
  • Al-Baji, Suleiman. "Al-Muntaqá Sharḥ Al-Muwaṭṭaʼ". (1st edition, Egypt Governorate: Al-Saada Press, 1332 AH)
  • Al-Bukhari, Muhammad. "Al-Adab Al-Mufrad". Investigator: Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi. (3rd edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Bashaer Al-Islamiyyah, 1409 AH).
  • Al-Bukhari, Muhammad. "Al-Jāmiʻ Al-Musnad Al-Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Mukhtaṣar Min Umūr Al-Nabī Wasunanih Wa-Ayyāmih = Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī". Investigator: Muhammad Zuhair. (1st edition, Dar Touq Al-Najat (pictured from Al-Sultaniyah with the addition of Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi’s numbering), 1422 AH).
  • Al-Aini, Mahmoud. "Albināyh Sharḥ Al-Hidāyah". (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1420 AH).
  • Burhan al-Din Ibn Mufleh, Ibrahim. "Al-Mubdiʻ Fī Sharḥ Al-Muqniʻ". (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1418 AH).
  • Al-Busti, Muhammad bin Hibban. "Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān". Investigation: Shuaib Al-Arnaout. (1st edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, 1408 AH).
  • Al-Buhuti, Mansour. "Kashshāf Al-Qināʻ ʻan Matn Al-Iqnāʻ". (Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah).
  • Al-Buhuti, Mansour. "Daqāʼiq Ūlī Al-Nuhá Li-Sharḥ Al-Muntahá Al-Maʻrūf Bi-Sharḥ Muntahá Al-Irādāt". (1st edition, Alam al-Kutub, 1414 AH).
  • Al-Bayhaqi, Ahmed. "Al-Sunan Al-Kubrá". Investigator: Muhammad Atta. (3rd edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1424 AH).
  • Ibn Taymiyyah, Ahmed. "Iqtiḍāʼ Al-Ṣirāṭ Al-Mustaqīm Li-Mukhālafat Aṣḥāb Al-Jaḥīm". Investigator: Nasser Al-Aql. (7th edition, Beirut: Dar Alam al-Kutub, 1419 AH).
  • Al-Hijjawi, Musa. "Al-Iqnāʻ Fī Fiqh Al-Imām Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal". Investigator: Abdul Latif Al-Sabki. (Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’rifa).
  • Al-Hamwi, Yaqut. "Muʻjam Al-Buldān". (2nd ed., Beirut: Dar Sader, 1995).
  • Al-Kharshi, Muhammad. "Sharḥ Mukhtaṣar Khalīl". (Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr).
  • Al-Khattabi, Hamad. "Maʻālim Al-Sunan". (1st edition, Aleppo: Scientific Press, 1351 AH).
  • Al-Dumairi, Muhammad. "Al-Najm Al-Wahhāj Fī Sharḥ Al-Minhāj". (1st edition, Jeddah: Dar Al-Minhaj, 1425 AH).
  • Al-Rafi’i, Abdul Karim. "Al-ʻazīz Sharḥ Al-Wajīz known as: Al-Sharḥ Al-Kabīr". Investigator: Ali Awad, Adel Ahmed. (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1417 AH).
  • Al-Rahibani, Mustafa. “Matalib Uli al-Nuha fi Sharh Ghayat al-Muntaha.” (2nd edition, Al-Maktab Al-Islami, 1415 AH).
  • Al-Ramli, Muhammad. "Nihāyat Al-Muḥtāj Ilá Sharḥ Al-Minhāj".. (Khahira Edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr, 1404 AH).
  • Al-Zarkashi, Muhammad. "Sharḥ Al-Zarkashī ʻalá Mukhtaṣar Al-Khiraqī". (1st edition, Dar Al-Obeikan, 1413 AH)
  • Al-Zayla’i, Othman. "Tabyīn Al-Ḥaqāʼiq Sharḥ Kanz Al-Daqāʼiq Wa-Ḥāshiyat Alshshilbīyi". (1st edition, Cairo: Al-Kubra Al-Amiriyya Press, 1313 AH).
  • Al-Sarkhasi, Muhammad. “Al-Mabsoot.” (Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’rifa, 1414 AH).
  • Al-Samarqandi, Muhammad. "Tuḥfat Al-Fuqahāʼ". (2nd edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1414 AH).
  • Al-Sherbini, Muhammad. "Mughnī Al-Muḥtāj Ilá Maʻrifat Maʻānī Alfāẓ Al-Minhāj". (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1415 AH).
  • Al-Shirazi, Ibrahim. "Al-Muhadhdhab Fī Fiqh Al-Imām Al-Shāfiʻī". (Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah).
  • Al-Sanaani, Abdul Razzaq. "Al-Muṣannaf". Investigation: Center for Research and Information Technology. (2nd edition, 1437 AH).
  • Al-Tahawi, Ahmed. "Sharḥ Maʻānī Al-Āthār". Verified by: Muhammad al-Najjar, Muhammad Jad al-Haqq, number of his books and hadiths: Youssef al-Marashli. (1st edition, Alam al-Kutub, 1414 AH).
  • Al-Mardawi, Ali. "Al-Inṣāf Fī Maʻrifat Al-Rājiḥ Min Al-Khilāf". Investigation: Abdullah Al-Turki, Abdel Fattah Al-Helou. (1st edition, Cairo: Hajar Printing, 1415 AH).
  • Alish Al-Maliki, Muhammad. "Minaḥ Al-Jalīl Sharḥ Mukhtaṣar Khalīl". (Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr, 1409 AH).
  • Al-Fayoumi, Ahmed. "Al-Miṣbāḥ Al-Munīr Fī Gharīb Al-Sharḥ Al-Kabīr". (Beirut: Scientific Library).
  • Qadi Abdul Wahhab, Abu Muhammad Al-Bagdadi, "Al-Ishrāf ʻalá Nukat Masāʼil Al-Khilāf". Investigator: Al-Habib bin Taher. (1st edition, Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm, 1420 AH).
  • Al-Qarafi, Ahmed. "Al-Dhakhīrah". Investigator: Mohamed Hajji, Saeed Aarab, Mohamed Boukhbaza. (1st ed., Beirut: Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1994 AD).
  • Al-Qurtubi, Muhammad. "Al-Jāmiʻ Li-Aḥkām Al-Qurʼān = Tafsīr Al-Qurṭubī". Investigation: Ahmed Al-Baradouni and Ibrahim Tfayesh. (2nd edition, Cairo: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Misriyah, 1384 AH).
  • Al-Qushayri Al-Naysaburi, Muslim. "Al-Musnad Al-Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Mukhtaṣar Bi-Naql Al-ʻadl ʻan Al-ʻadl Ilá Al-Nabī = Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim". Investigator: Muhammad Fouad Abdel Baqi. (Beirut: Arab Heritage Revival House).
  • Al-Kasani, Abu Bakr. "Badāʼiʻ Al-Ṣanāʼiʻ Fī Tartīb Al-Sharāʼiʻ". (2nd edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1406 AH).
  • Al-Mawardi, Ali. "Al-Ḥāwī Al-Kabīr Fī Fiqh Madhhab Al-Imām Al-Shāfiʻī". Investigator: Ali Moawad - Adel Ahmed. (1st edition, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1419 AH).
  • Al-Mawaq Al-Maliki, Muhammad. "Al-Tāj Wa-Al-Iklīl Li-Mukhtaṣar Khalīl". (1st edition, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1416 AH).
  • Al-Mawsili, Abdullah. "Al-Ikhtiyār Li-Taʻlīl Al-Mukhtār". (Cairo: Al-Halabi Press, 1356 AH)
  • Al-Nasa’i, Ahmed. "Al-Sunan Al-Kubrá". Produced by: Hassan Shalabi, Supervised by: Shuaib Al-Arnaout. (1st edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, 1421 AH).
  • Al-Nawawi, Yahya. "Al-Majmūʻ Sharḥ Al-Muhadhdhab". (Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr).
  • Al-Nawawi, Yahya. "Khulāṣat Al-Aḥkām Fī Muhimmāt Al-Sunan Wa-Qawāʻid Al-Islām". Investigator: Hussein Al-Jamal. (1st edition, Beirut: Al-Resala Foundation, 1418 AH).
  • Al-Haythami, Ali. "Majmaʻ Al-Zawāʼid Wa-Manbaʻ Al-Fawāʼid". Investigator: Hussam Al-Din Al-Qudsi. (Cairo: Al-Qudsi Library, 1414 AH).