The general meaning between definite and speculative (fundamental study)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

A master’s student in the Department of Principles of Jurisprudence at the College of Sharia Imam Muhammad Bin Saud Islamic University

Abstract

This research included the issue of (the general significance between the definitive and the speculative) according to the fundamentalists, which is an issue that the fundamentalists have dealt with in the past and in the present, and it has its importance in understanding the Book of God Almighty, and the Sunnah of His Messenger - peace and blessings of God be upon him - who was sent in a clear Arabic language.
The study addressed the definition of the most important terms (indicative - general - definite - speculative), clarifying the divisions of the general in terms of the will or non-will of the general, then differentiating between the specific general and the general by which the specific is intended.
Then I edited the issue by mentioning the areas of agreement and disagreement among the fundamentalists. I mentioned that the fundamentalists differed on the issue based on two opinions. Then I mentioned the two opinions along with the evidence for each statement and the discussions and answers that were given to them as much as possible. Then I gave preference to what I saw as more likely based on the strength of the evidence, and then I stated what resulted. The disagreement over the meaning of the general in terms of definiteness and presumptiveness is their difference in two sub-jurisprudential issues, so I mentioned them briefly along with the sub-jurisprudential issues that can be built on them. The study concluded with results that are numbered in the conclusion.

Keywords

Main Subjects


'awla: faharas almasadir walmarajiea:
1-   alquran alkarim.
2-   al'iibhaj fi sharh alminhaj liabn alsabakii (t 756 ha) wawaladuh taj aldiyn alsabakii (t 771 hu), dirasat watahqiqi: alduktur 'ahmad jamal alzamzami - alduktur nur aldiyn eabd aljabaar saghiri.
3-   al'iihkam fi 'usul al'ahkami, lieali bin muhamad alamdi, ealaq ealayhi: eabd alrazaaq eafifi alnaashir: almaktab al'iislamia, (dimashq - bayrut) altabeata: althaaniatu, 1402 h
4-   'usul alsarkhisi, li'abi bakr alsarukhsi (t 483 ha) haqaq 'usulahu: 'abu alwfa al'afghani, rayiys allajnat aleilmiat li'iihya' almaearif alnuemania [t 1395 hu]
5-   'iikmal al'aelam bitathlith alkalami, muhamad bin eabd allah jamal aldiyn (t 672hi) almuhaqiq: saed bin hamdan alghamidii
6-   albahr almuhit fi 'usul alfiqh libadr aldiyn alzarkashii (t 794hi) alnaashir: dar alkutbi altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1414h
7-   bidayat almubtadi, lieali bin 'abi bakr bin eabd aljalil almarghinani, (t 593hi) alnaashir: maktabat wamatbaeat muhamad eali subh - alqahira
8-   baghiat altalab faa tarikh halba, kamal aldiyn abn aleadim (t 660) almuhaqiqi: almahdi eid alrawadia
9-   tahrir almanqul watahdhib ealm al'usuli, lieala' aldiyn eali bin sulayman almardawi (t 885 ha) tahqiqu: eabd allah hashim - da. hisham alearabi (dukturat fi alsharieat al'iislamiati).
10- takhrij alfurue ealaa al'usuli, lishihab aldiyn alzzanjany (t 656hi) almuhaqiq: du. muhamad 'adib salih.
11- tashnif almasamie bijame aljawamie litaj aldiyn alsabiki, libadr aldiyn alzarkashii (t 794 ha) dirasat watahqiqi: d sayid eabd aleaziz - d eabd allah rabiei, almudarisan bijamieat al'azhar.
12- altaqrib wal'iirshadi, liqadi albaqlani (t 403 ha) haqaqah waealaq ealayhi: da. eabd alhumid bin eali 'abu zanid alnaashir: muasasat alrisalati, bayrut - lubnan altabeata: althaaniatu, 1418 hu.
13- taqwim al'adilat fi 'usul alfiqh almualafi: li'abi zayd aldabuwsi alhanafii (t 430 ha) almuhaqiqi: khalil muhyi aldiyn almis, alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiati, bayrut - lubnan altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1421 h
14- talqih alfuhum fi tanqih siagh aleumumi, lilhafiz salah aldiyn alealayiyi aldamsaqii (761hi), tahqiq eali mueawad, waeadil eabd almawjud.
15- altalwih ealaa altawdih limatn altanqih liltiftazani, lisaed aldiyn maseud bin eumar altaftazani (t 792 ha) alnaashir: matbaeat muhamad eali subih wa'awladuh bial'azhar - misr altabeati: 1377 hu .
16- hashiat aibn eabidin (aldarar almukhtar) limuhamad 'amin alshahir biaibn eabidin [t 1252 ha] alnaashir: sharikat maktabat wamatbaeat mustafaa albabi alhalabi wa'awladuh bimisr altabeata: althaaniat 1386h.
17- alhawy alkabir, lilmawirdi (450 ha), muhaqiqi: alshaykh eali muhamad mueawad - alshaykh eadil 'ahmad eabd almawjud altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1419 hu .
18- rudat alnaazir wajnat almanaziri, limuafaq aliin abn qudamat almaqdasii (620 ha) qadim lah wawadah ghawamidih wakharaj shawahidahu: alduktur shaeban muhamad 'iismaeil, alnaashir: muasasat alryan liltibaeat walnashr waltawzie
19- sharah kawkab almunir, taqi aldiyn 'abu albaqa' muhamadu, almaeruf biaibn alnajaar alhanbalii (t 972 ha) almuhaqiqi: muhamad alzuhayli wanazih hamad.
20- sharh mukhtasar 'usul alfiqah, litaqi aldiyn 'abi bakr bin zayid aljiraei almaqdisii alhanbalia (883 ha) dirasat watahqiqu: eabd aleaziz muhamad eisaa muhamad mazahim alqaydi
21- sharh mukhtasar alrawdat , lisulayman bin eabd alqawii bin alkarim altuwfii alsi (almutawafaa: 716hi) almuhaqiqi: eabd alllh bin eabd almuhsin alturki.
22- tabaqat alshaafieiat alkubraa litaj aldiyn alsabakii (t 771hi) almuhaqiq: du. mahmud muhamad altanahi da. eabd alfataah muhamad alhulu.
23- aleudat fi 'usul alfiqah, lilqadi 'abi yaelaa alhanbali ( 458 ha) haqaqah waealaq ealayh wakharaj nushi: d 'ahmad bin eali bin sayr almubarki.
24- aleiqd almanzum fi alkhusus waleumum lishihab aldiyn 'ahmad bin 'iidris alqarafii (626 - 682 ha) dirasat watahqiqu: du. 'ahmad alkhatm eabd allah.
25- ghayat alwusul fi sharh lubi al'usul lizakaria al'ansarii (t 926hi) alnaashir: dar alkutub alearabiat alkubraa, masr.
26- alghayth alhamie sharh jame aljawamie liwali aldiyn 'abu zareat 'ahmad bin eabd alrahim aleiraqi (t 826 ha) almuhaqaqa: muhamad tamir hijazi.
27- alfusul fi al'usul li'abi bakr aljasas (t 370hi) alnaashir: wizarat al'awqaf alkuaytiati.
28- alfawayid alsuniyat fi sharh al'alfiati, lilbarmawii shams aldiyn muhamad bin eabd aldaayim (831 ha) almuhaqiq: eabd allah ramadan musaa.
29- alqite walzanu eind al'usuliiyn lil'ustadh alduktur saed bin nasir alshathari, dar alhabib.
30- kashf al'asrar ean 'usul fakhr al'iislam albizdiwi, eala' aldiyn, eabd aleaziz bin 'ahmad albukhari (t 730 hu), alnaashir: sharikat alsahafat aleuthmaniat, 'iistanbul.
31- altalwih ealaa altawdih limatn altanqihu, lisaed aldiyn maseud bin eumar altaftazani (t 792 ha) linashir: matbaeat muhamad eali subih wa'awladih bial'azhar.
32- lisan alearab , lijamal aldiyn aibn manzur al'iifriqaa (t 711h), alnaashir: dar sadir - bayrut.
33- allamae fi 'usul alfiqh li'abi 'iishaq alshiyrazii (t 476hi) alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiati.
34- almajmue sharh almuhadhab, lilnawawii (t 676 hu), 'iidarat altibaeat almuniriati, matbaeat altadamun al'akhaway, alqahirati.
35- almahsuli, lifakhr aldiyn alraazi (t 606 ha) dirasat watahqiqi: alduktur tah jabir fayaad aleulwani.
36- mukhtar alsahahi, l zayn aldiyn 'abi eabd allah muhamad bin 'abi bakr bin eabd alqadir alhanafii alraazi (t 666hi) almuhaqiqi: yusif alshaykh muhamad.
37- mukhtasar alqaduwri fi alfiqh alhanafii, li'abi alhusayn 'ahmad bin muhamad bin 'ahmad bin jaefar alqaduwri alhanafii albaghdadii (t 428 ha) almuhaqiq: kamil muhamad muhamad euayda.
38- mudhakirat 'usul alfiqh ealaa rawdat alnaazir, limuhamad al'amin bin muhamad almukhtar aljaknii alshanqitii ( 1393 ha) alnaashir: dar eata'at alealam (alriyad).
39- almatalib alealiat bizawayid almasanid althamaniati, liaibn hajar aleasqalanii (t 852hi) almuhaqiqi: risalatan eilmiatan qudimat lijamieat al'iimam muhamad bin sueud tansiqa: du. saed bin nasir bin eabd aleaziz alshathari
40- almuetamad fi 'usul alfiqah, li'abi alhusayn albasarii almuetazilii (t 436 ha) qadim lah wadabtahu: khalil almis (mdir 'azhar lubnan) alnaashir: dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut.
41- almuejam alwasiti, majmae allughat alearabiat bialqahirat alnaashir: dar aldaewati. 
42- almighni, limuafaq aldiyn aibn qudamat almaqdisi aldimashqii alhanbalii ( 620 ha) almuhaqiqi: alduktur eabd alllah bin eabd almuhsin alturki, alduktur eabd alfataah muhamad alhulu.
43- maqayis allughati, li'ahmad bin faris (t 395hi) almuhaqiq: eabd alsalam muhamad harun alnaashir: dar alfikri.
44- almuafaqati, li'abi 'iishaq 'iibrahim bin musaa bin muhamad allakhmi alshaatibii (t 790 ha) almuhaqiqi: 'abu eubaydat mashhur bin hasan al silman.
45- mizan al'usul fi natayij aleuquli, lieala' aldiyn alsamarqandi (t 539 ha) haqaqah waealaq ealayh wayanshuruh li'awal maratin: alduktur muhamad zaki eabd albur, al'ustadh bikuliyat alsharieat - jamieat qutr, alnaashir: matabie aldawhat alhadithati, qatru.
46- alwaraqati, li'abi almaeali aljuayni, almulaqab bi'iimam alharamayn (t 478hi) almuhaqiq: da. eabd allatif muhamad aleabdu.