استشراف المستقبل في القرآن الكريم سورة الطلاق أنموذجاً (دراسة موضوعية)

المؤلف

الأستاذ المساعد بجامعة أم درمان الإسلامية سابقاً كلية أصول الدين وجامعة القصيم كلية الشريعة والدراسات الإسلامية قسم القرآن وعلومه

المستخلص

الملخص  :          
  تناول هذا البحث موضوع استشراف المستقبل في القرآن الكريم -سورة الطلاق أنموذجاً – دراسة موضوعية، وهدفهبيان مفهوم استشراف المستقبل، والمصطلحات الدالة عليه في القرآن وبيان صوره في سورةالطلاق؛ والتي منها استشراف المستقبل في التقوى، وأثرها في بناء الفرد، وكذلك استشراف المستقبل في الطلاق ودوره في استقرار الحياة الكريمة، كم تناول استشراف المستقبل في المعاملة بالمعروف وأثرها في ترابط الناس وتقوية أواصر الصلة بينهم، ثم استشراف المستقبل في نزول العقوبات التي تعمل على تحقيق المقاصد وحماية المصالح.
     وتوصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج منها تعدد الألفاظ الدالة على المستقبل في السورة الكريمة وتنوعها، وتباين نماذج استشراف المستقبل فيها؛ لما في هذه النماذج من المصالح الدنيوية والأخروية.
     ومن توصياته ضرورة النظر والتدبرفي مقاصد السور؛ لأجل الوقوف على الماضي والاستفادة منه في المستقبل، وتسليط الضوء على السور التي يرد فيها ما يدل على استشراف المستقبل ودراستها؛ لإبراز صوره فيها. كما يوصي بالعناية بالدراسات الموضوعية التي تدرس الماضي والحاضر؛ لتحقيق السعادة.
 

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية


al'iitqan fi eulum alqurani: eabd alrahman bin 'abi bakr, jalal aldiyn alsuyuti, tahqiqu: muhamad 'abu alfadl 'iibrahim, alhayyat almisriat aleamat lilkitabi, altabeati: 1394hi/ 1974 m
2-   'ahkam alquran li'abi muhamad eabd almuneim bin eabd alrahim almaeruf <<babn alfuras al'andalsi>>, tahqiqu: salah aldiyn bu eafifun, dar aibn hazam liltibaeat walnashr waltawzie, bayrut - lubnan, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 1427 hi - 2006 m
3-   'asbab nuzul alqurani: li'abi alhasan eali bin 'ahmad alwahidi, alnaysaburi, tahqiqu: kamal basyuni zighlula, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1411 hu
4-   astishraf almustaqbal fi al'ahadith alnabawiati, lieabd alrahman eabd allatif qashwea, aljamieat al'urduniyati, 2005m.
5-   alaistishraf almustaqbaliu fi alquran alkarim, limahmud 'ahmad eabd alsalami, aljamieat alwataniat lilughat alhadithat 'iislam 'abadi- bakistan, 2003m
6-   'asrar tartib alqurani: lieabd alrahman bin 'abi bakr, jalal aldiyn alsuyuti. dar alfadilat lilnashr waltawziei.
7-   al'ashbah walnazayira: lieabd alrahman bin 'abi bakr, jalal aldiyn alsuyuti, dar alkutub aleilmiat altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1411hi - 1990m
8-   'iierab alquran wabayanuhu: limuhyi aldiyn bin 'ahmad mustafaa darwish, dar al'iirshad lilshuyuwn aljamieiati, (dar aibn kathir - dimashq - bayrut), altabeatu: alraabieati, 1415 hu
9-   'aelam almuqiein ean rabi alealamina: li'abi eabd allah muhamad bin 'abi bakr almaeruf biaibn qiam aljawziat dar abn aljawzii lilnashr waltawziei, almamlakat alearabiat alsaeudiati, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1423 hi.
10- 'iighathat allahfan fi hukm talaq alghadban: muhamad bin 'abi bakr bin 'ayuwb bin saed shams aldiyn aibn qiam aljawziati, tahqiqu: muhamad eafifi: almaktab al'iislamiu, bayrut, lubnan / maktabat farqad alkhani, alrayad, almamlakat alearabiat alsaeudiat altabeatu: althaaniatu, 1408h/1988.
11- 'anwar altanzil wa'asrar altaawili: linasir aldiyn eabd allah bin eumar albaydawi, tahqiqu: muhamad eabd alrahman almaraeashali, dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1418 hu
12- bahr aleulumu: 'abu allayth nasr bin muhamad bin 'ahmad bin 'iibrahim alsamarqandi
13- albahr almuhit fi altafsiri: li'abi hayaan muhamad bin yusif 'uthir aldiyn al'andilsi, tahqiqu: sidqi muhamad jamil, dar alfikr - bayrut, altabeatu: 1420 hi.
14- alburhan fi tanasub suar alqurani: 'ahmad bin 'iibrahim, algharnati, 'abu jaefar, tahqiqa: muhamad shaebani, wizarat al'awqaf walshuwuwn al'iislamiat  almaghribi, 1410 hi - 1990 m
15- alburhan fi eulum alqurani: 'abu eabd allah badr aldiyn muhamad bin eabd allah bin bihadir alzarkashii tahqiqu: muhamad 'abu alfadl 'iibrahim, al'uwlaa, 1376 hi - 1957 m
16- basayir dhawi altamyiz fi litayif alkutaab aleaziza: majd aldiyn 'abu tahir muhamad bin yaequb alfayruzabadaa tahqiqu: muhamad eali alnajar, almajlis al'aelaa lilshuyuwn al'iislamiat - lajnat 'iihya' alturath al'iislamii, alqahirata, 1416 hi - 1996 m
17- albyan fi ed ay alquran: euthman bin saeid 'abu eamrw aldaani tahqiqu: ghanim qaduwri alhamd, markaz fath almakhtutat walturath - alkuayt, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1414hi- 1994m.
18- altahrir waltanwira: muhamad altaahir bin muhamad bin muhamad altaahir bin eashur altuwnisi, aldaar altuwnusiat lilnashr - tunis, 1984 hu
19- tuhifat al'abrar sharh masabih alsanati: alqadi nasir aldiyn eabd allah bin eumar albaydawi, tahqiqu: lajnat mukhtasat bi'iishraf nur aldiyn talb, wizarat al'awqaf walshuwuwn al'iislamiat bialkuayti, 1433 hi - 2012m
20- tahifat al'ahwadhi bisharh jamie altirmidhi: li'abi aleula muhamad eabd alrahman bin eabd alrahim almubarikifuri dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut
21- altashil lieulum altanzili: li'abi alqasima, muhamad bin 'ahmad bin muhamad bin eabd allah, aibn jiziy alkalbi, tahqiqu: alduktur eabd allah alkhalidi, sharikat dar al'arqam bin 'abi al'arqam - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1416 hu
22- altashrie al'iislamiu salih liltatbiq fi kuli zaman wamakani: limuhamad fahmi eali 'abu alsifa, aljamieat al'iislamiatu, altabeatu: alsanat aleashirati, aleadad al'awala, jamadaa al'ukhrat 1397h mayu - yuniat 1977 mi.
23- altaerifati: eali bin muhamad bin ealiin alzayn alsharif aljirjani, tahqiqu: dabtuh wasahahah jamaeat min aleulama' bi'iishraf alnaashir, dar alkutub aleilmiat bayrut -lubnan, altabeata: al'uwlaa 1403h -1983m
24- tafsir 'abi alsueud = 'iirshad aleaql alsalim 'iilaa mazaya alkitaab alkarim: li'abi alsueud aleimadii muhamad bin muhamad bin mustafaa dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut
25- tafsir alquran alhakim (tafsir almanar): limuhamad rashid bin ealiin rida: alhayyat almisriat aleamat lilkitabi, 1990 m
26- tafsir alquran aleazimi: li'abi alfida' 'iismaeil bin eumar bin kathirin, tahqiqu: sami bin muhamad salamata, dar tiibat lilnashr waltawziei, altabeati: althaaniat 1420h - 1999 mi.
27- altafsir alquraniu lilqurani: eabd alkarim yunis alkhatib: dar alfikr alearabii - alqahira
28- tafsir almatridi (tawilat 'ahl alsunati): limuhamad bin muhamad bin mahmud, 'abu mansur almatridi tahqiqu: du. majdi baslum, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut, lubnan, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1426 hi - 2005 m
29- tafsir almawirdi = alnukt waleuyunu: li'abi alhasan eali bin muhamad, alshahir bialmawirdi, tahqiqu: alsayid aibn eabd almaqsud bin eabd alrahim, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut / lubnan.
30- altafsir almunir fi aleaqidat walsharieat walmanhaji: lilduktur wahbat bin mustafaa alzuhayli, dar alfikr almueasir - dimashqa, altabeatu: althaaniatu, 1418 hu
31- altafsir alwasit lilquran alkarimi: muhamad sayid tantawi, dar nahdat misr liltibaeat walnashr waltawzie, alfajaalat - alqahirati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa
32- tafsir muqatil bin sulayman: 'abu alhasan muqatil bin sulayman bin bashir al'azdii albalkhaa tahqiqu: eabd allah mahmud shahaatuhu, dar 'iihya' alturath - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1423 hu.
33- altawqif ealaa muhimaat altaearifi: zayn aldiyn muhamad, alminawi alqahiri, ealam alkutub 38 eabd alkhaliq thurut-alqahrati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1410h-1990m
34- taysir alkarim alrahman fi tafsir kalam almanani: eabd alrahman bin nasir bin eabd allah alsaedi, tahqiqu: eabd alrahman bin maeala alllwayahaqu, muasasat alrisalati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa 1420h -2000 m
35- jamie albayan fi tawil alqurani: limuhamad bin jirir, 'abu jaefar altabari tahqiqu: 'ahmad muhamad shakir, muasasat alrisalati, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1420 hi - 2000 m
36- jamie aleulum walhukm fi sharh khamsin hadithan min jawamie alkalm: lizayn aldiyn eabd alrahman bin 'ahmad bin rajaba, alhanbali tahqiqu: shueayb al'arnawuwt - 'iibrahim bajis, muasasat alrisalat - bayrut, altabeata: alsaabieati, 1422h - 2001m
37- aljamie li'ahkam alquran = tafsir alqurtubi: 'abu eabd allah muhamad bin 'ahmad alqurtubii tahqiqu: 'ahmad albarduni wa'iibrahim 'atfish, dar alkutub almisriatu, alqahirati, altabeatu: althaaniatu, 1384h - 1964 mi.
38- haliat al'awlia' watabaqat al'asfia'i: li'abi naeim 'ahmad bin eabd allh bin 'ahmad al'asbihani dar alkutub aleilmiati- bayrut (tabeat 1409h bidun tahqiqi).
39- distur aleulama' = jamie aleulum fi aistilahat alfunun: alqadi eabd alnabii bin eabd alrasul al'ahmadu, dar alkutub aleilmiat - lubnan / bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1421h - 2000m
40- difae ean aleuqubat al'iislamiati: limuhamad bin nasir alsihaybani, aljamieat al'iislamiat bialmadinat almunawarati, altabeatu: alsunat alsaadisat eashar - aleuddan althaalith walsituwn walraabie walsituwn rajab - dhu alhijat 1404h
41- ruh almaeani fi tafsir alquran aleazim walsabe almathani: shihab aldiyn mahmud bin eabd allah al'alusi, tahqiqu: eali eabd albari eatiat, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1415 hu
42- zad almasir fi eilm altafsiri: lijamal aldiyn 'abi alfaraj eabd alrahman bin eali bin muhamad aljawzi, tahqiqu: eabd alrazaaq almahdi, dar alkitaab alearabii - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1422 hu
43- alzuhd walraqayiq liaibn almubaraki: 'abu eabd alrahman eabd allah bin almubarak bin wadih alhanzali, alturkiu thuma almrwzy tahqiqu: habib alrahman al'aezamii, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut
44- sunan abn majah: abn majat 'abu eabd allh muhamad bin yazid alqazwini, tahqiqu: muhamad fuaad eabd albaqi, dar 'iihya' alkutub alearabiat - faysal eisaa albabi alhalbi.
45- sunan 'abi dawud li'abi dawud sulayman bin al'asheath bin 'iishaq bin bashir bin shidad bin eamrw al'azdi alssijistany, tahqiqu: muhamad muhyi aldiyn eabd alhamid, alnaashir: almaktabat aleasriatu, sayda - bayrut
46- sunan altirmidhi: limuhamad bin eisaa bin sawrt bin musaa, altirmidhi, 'abu eisaa, tahqiqu: bashaar eawad maerufun, dar algharb al'iislamii - bayrut, 1998 mi.
47- sir 'aelam alnubala'i: shams aldiyn 'abu eabd allh muhamad bin 'ahmad bin euthman bin qaymaz aldhahbi: dar alhadithi- alqahirati: altabeati: 1427hi-2006m.
48- sharh masabih alsunat lil'iimam albaghwi: mhmmad bn ezz alddin ebd allatif bn eabd aleaziz alrrumy alkarmany, alhnfyu, almashhur bi aibn almalak, tahqiq wadirasatu: lajnat mukhtasat min almuhaqiqin bi'iishrafi: nur aldiyn talb, 'iidarat althaqafat al'iislamiati, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1433 hi - 2012 m
49- sahih albukhari: muhamad bin 'iismaeil 'abu eabd allah albukharii aljaeafi, tahqiqu: muhamad zuhayr bin nasir alnaasir, dar tawq alnajaa (msawarat ean alsultaniat bi'iidafat tarqim muhamad fuad eabd albaqi), altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1422h
50- sid alkhatiri: jamal aldiyn 'abu alfaraj eabd alrahman bin ealii bin muhamad aljawzii (almutawafaa: 597ha), dar alqalam - dimashqa, altabeatu: al'uwlaa 1425hi - 2004m
51- talabat altalabati: lieumar bin muhamad bin 'ahmad bin 'iismaeil, 'abu hafsa, najm aldiyn alnisfii (almutawafaa: 537hi), almatbaeat aleamiratu, maktabat almuthnaa bibaghdad, altabeati: bidun tabeati,1311h
52- eumdat alqariy sharh sahih albukhari: 'abu muhamad mahmud bin 'ahmad bin musaa bin 'ahmad bin husayn alhanafii badr aldiyn aleayni, dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut
53- fath albari sharh sahih albukharii: 'ahmad bin ealiin bin hajar 'abu alfadl aleasqalaniu alshaafieii, dar almaerifat - bayrut, 1379, raqm kutubih wa'abwabih wa'ahadithihi: muhamad fuad eabd albaqi
54- fath alqidir: limuhamad bin ealii bin muhamad bin eabd allah alshuwkanii alyamaniu, dar abn kathirin, dar alkalm altayib - dimashqa, bayrut, altabeata: al'uwlaa - 1414 hu
55- fadayil alqurani: 'abu aleabbas jaefar bn muhammad bn almuetazz bn muhammad bn almustaghfir bn alfath bn 'iidris almustaghfiriu, alnnasafiu, tahqiqu: 'ahmad bin faris alsalumu, dar abn hazma, altabeata: al'uwlaa, 2008 mi, (2/641).
56- faqah al'usrat, li'ahmad eali tah rayan.
57- alfiqh almyassar: 'a.da. eabd allah bin muhamad altyar, 'a. da. eabd allah bin mhmmd almutlaq, du. mhmmad bin 'iibrahim almwsaa, madar alwatn llnnashr, alriyad - almamlakat alearabiat alsaeudiat, altabeati: al'uwlaa 1432/ 2011m.
58- kashf almushkil min hadith alsahihayni: jamal aldiyn 'abu alfaraj eabd alrahman bin eali bin muhamad aljawzi, tahqiqa: eali husayn albawabi, dar alwatan - alriyad
59- allbab fi eulum alkitabi: li'abi hafs siraj aldiyn eumar bin eali bin eadil alhanbali aldimashqii alnaemani, tahqiqa: alshaykh eadil 'ahmad eabd almawjud walshaykh eali muhamad mueawad, dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut / lubnan, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1419 ha -1998m
60- lsan alearbi: limuhamad bin makram bin ealaa، 'abu alfadali, jamal aldiyn aibn manzur al'ansari alruwifei al'iifriqii, dar sadir - bayrut, altabeatu: althaalithat - 1414 hu
61- latayif al'iisharat = tafsir alqushiri: lieabd alkarim bin hawazin bin eabd almalik alqushayri, tahqiqu: 'iibrahim albisyuni, alhayyat almisriat aleamat lilkitab - misr altabeatu: althaalitha
62- mujmal allughat liaibn faris 'ahmad bin faris bin zakaria' alqazwinii alraazi, 'abu alhusayn, dirasat watahqiqu: zuhayr eabd almuhsin sultan, muasasat alrisalat - bayrut, litabeat althaaniat - 1406 hi - 1986 mi.
63- almustadrak ealaa alsahihayni: 'abu eabd allah alhakim muhamad bin eabd allh bin muhamad alnaysaburii
64- tahqiqu: mustafaa eabd alqadir eataa: dar alkutub aleilmiat - bayrut: altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1411 - 1990m.
65- almustaqbal alearabii, lilduktur 'iibrahim saed aldiyn, markaz dirasat alwahdat alearabiati,1989m.
66- almusnad alsahih almukhtasar binaql aleadl ean aleadl 'iilaa rasul allah salaa allah ealayh wasalama: muslim bin alhajaaj 'abu alhasan alqushayri alnaysaburi: tahqiqu: muhamad fuad eabd albaqi: dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut.
67- maealim altanzil fi tafsir alquran = tafsir albaghwi: limuhyi alsanat, 'abi muhamad alhusayn bin maseud bin muhamad bin alfaraa' albaghawi alshaafieayi, tahqiqu: eabd alrazaaq almahdi, dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii -birut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1420 h.
68- maeani alquran wa'iierabihu: 'iibrahim bin alsiriy bin sahla, 'abu 'iishaq alzujaji, tahqiqu: eabd aljalil eabduh shalabi, ealim alkutub - bayrut, altabeata: al'uwlaa 1408 hi - 1988 m
69- maejam allughat alearabiat almueasirati: d 'ahmad mukhtar eabd alhamid eumar bimusaeadat fariq eamal, ealam alkutub, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1429 hi - 2008 m
70- almuejam alwasiti: majmae allughat alearabiat bialqahirati: 'iibrahim mustafaa / 'ahmad alzayaat / hamid eabd alqadir / muhamad alnijar), dar aldaewati.
71- mafatih alghayb = altafsir alkabiru: li'abi eabd allah muhamad bin eumar bin alhasan bin alhusayn altaymi alraazi almulaqab bifakhr aldiyn alraazi khatib alrayi, dar 'iihya' alturath alearabii - bayrut, altabeatu: althaalithat - 1420 h
72- almufradat fi ghurayb alqurani: li'abi alqasim alhusayn bin muhamad, alraaghib al'asfahani, tahqiqu: safwan eadnan aldaawudii, dar alqalami, aldaar alshaamiat - dimashq bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1412 hu
73- maqasid almukalfyn fyma yuteabbad bih lirabb alealmyn: eumar bin sulayman bin eabd allah al'ashqar aleutaybi, maktabat alfalahi, alkuayti, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1401 hi - 1981 m
74- almuhadhdhab fi eilm 'usul alfiqh almuqarani: lieabd alkarim bin ealiin bin muhamad alnamlata, maktabat alrushd - alrayad, altabeat al'uwlaa: 1420 hi - 1999 m
75- almuafaqati: li'iibrahim bin musaa bin muhamad allakhmi algharnatii alshahir bialshaatibi, tahqiqu: 'abu eubaydat mashhur bin hasan al silman, dar aibn eafan, altabeatu: altabeat al'uwlaa 1417hi/ 1997m.
76- almawsueat alfiqhiat alkuaytiatu: wizarat al'awqaf walshuyuwn al'iislamiat - alkuaytu, altabeatu: altabeat althaaniatu, tabe alwizara (man 1404 - 1427 hu)
77- almawsueat alquraniatu, khasayis alsuwr: jaefar sharaf aldiyn, tahqiqu: eabd aleaziz bin euthman altuwijri, dar altaqrib bayn almadhahib al'iislamiat - bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa - 1420 hu
78- musueat fiqh alqulubi: muhamad bin 'iibrahim bin eabd allah altuwijri, bayt al'afkar alduwliati.
79- musueat kashaaf aistilahat alfunun waleulumu: muhamad bin eali aibn alqadi muhamad hamid bin mhmmd sabir alfaruqi alhanafii altahanwi, taqdim wa'iishraf wamurajaeatu: da. rafiq aleajm, tahqiqu: da. eali dahruji, naql alnasi alfarisii 'iilaa alearabiat: da. eabd allah alkhalidi, altarjamat al'ajnabiata: du. jurj zinani, maktabat lubnan nashirun - bayrut, altabeata: al'uwlaa - 1996m
80- nazariat almaqasid eind al'iimam alshaatibii: li'ahmad alraysuni, aldaar alealamiat lilkitab al'iislamii, altabeati: althaaniat - 1412 hi - 1992m.
81- alnihayat fi gharayb alhadith wal'athra: majd aldiyn 'abu alsaeadat almubarak bin muhamad, aibn al'athira, almaktabat aleilmiat - bayrut, 1399hi - 1979, tahqiqu: tahir 'ahmad alzaawy - mahmud muhamad altanahi
82- nur alhudaa wazulumat aldalal fi daw' alkitaab walssnnat: lilduktur saeid bin eali aibn wahaf alqahtani, matbaeat sfiri, alrayad, muasasat aljirisi liltawzie wal'iielani, alriyad.
83- alhidayat 'iilaa bulugh alnihayati: li'abi muhamad makiy bin 'abi talib alqaysi, tahqiqu: majmueat rasayil jamieiat bikuliat aldirasat aleulya walbahth aleilmii - jamieat alshaariqat, bi'iishraf 'a. du: alshaahid albushikhi, majmueat buhuth alkitaab walsunat - kuliyat alsharieat waldirasat al'iislamiat - jamieat alshaariqat, altabeati: al'uwlaa, 1429 hi - 2008 m
84- alujiz fi tafsir alkitaab aleaziza: li'abi alhasan eali alwahidi, tahqiqu: safwan eadnan dawwdi, dar alqalami, aldaar alshaamiat - dimashqa, bayrut, altabeatu: al'uwlaa, 1415 hu